Creating Writing - Fiction by Patrick Dent
When writing fiction, the author
must rely upon his/her instincts and experiences to create a story.
This article will provide an overview of 7 of the major elements of
writing fiction in good form, i.e., the form editors expect.
Plotting
Plotting and characterization carry the other elements of the book. The
plotting must be believable, plausible, and interesting. It is a
sequence of events connected in a cause-and-effect manner. Generally
the plot consists of a series of increasingly more intense conflicts, a
climax (the most intense part of the book), and a final resolution. The
plot must advance as the book unfolds. Usually the closer to the end of
the book the climax is placed the better.
Long works like novels can have many subplots and secondary climaxes
and resolutions. Avoid using subplots in order to have
cliché characters. Avoid too many coincidences. Flashbacks
have been overused. A book is stronger when it runs chronologically.
Characterization
The reader should be able to identify with and care about the
characters in the sense that the characters seem real to the reader.
The characters must do something, and what they do must seem reasonable
for them to have done it.
Characters should be introduced early in the book. The more often a
character is mentioned or appears, the more significance the reader
will attach to the character. Also, the main character should be
introduced before setting, so that the setting can be introduced from
the point of view of the character.
The nature of characters can be brought out through minimal description
and the actions, thoughts, and dialogue of the characters. The author
should allow the reader to make judgments about the characters; the
author should avoid making the judgments for the reader. The feelings
of the character should be demonstrated rather than told by the
narrator.
Yet, there are some very good books in which much of the narrative
voice is about a character's feelings and thoughts or in which the
narration goes into great detail and analysis of a character's feelings
and thoughts at some point. So one rule about writing fiction is that
there are no rules, or maybe: If it works, it works.
Scene
Scene includes the place and time in which the book takes place. The
scene should be described in specifics to make the book seem real, to
set the atmosphere and mood of the book, to place limitations on the
characters, or to help establish the basic conflict of the book.
Weather can be an important part of a scene.
The scene can be used for contrast, having something taking place in an
unexpected place. Also, the more unfamiliar the reader is with the
setting, the more interesting the scene.
Dialogue
Dialogue makes fiction seem real. However, dialogue that copies reality
may actually slow down a book. Avoid unnecessary or repetitive dialogue.
Dialect in dialogue can be difficult to read. A small amount of it can
be used to establish the nature of a character, but overuse will
intrude on the book. The level of use of language by the characters-
pronunciation, diction, grammar, etc.- is often used to characterize
people in a book. Most often the main characters use the best English.
Profanity and vulgarisms can be used where they seem appropriate.
Overuse amounts to author intrusion and can interrupt the reader's
belief in the book.
Too much exposition through dialogue can slow down a book. Characters
should not repeat in dialogue events which have already happened in the
book.
Also, one character should not tell another character what the second
character should already know just so the author can convey information
to the reader.
The form of dialogue should be varied to keep the reader interested.
However, don't try to find too many different ways to say "said."
Interior dialogue is what a character is thinking. Dramatic dialogue is
a character thinking out loud, without response from other characters.
Indirect dialogue is the narrator telling what a character said.
Dialogue should be used to develop character or to advance the book. It
should not be used just to hear characters talk.
Point of View
First person point of view has the main character telling the story or
a secondary character telling the main character's story. Everything
that happens in the book must be seen or experienced by the character
doing the narration. The reader's judgment of other characters in the
book will be heavily influenced by the narrator. This can be very
limiting. Also, a book written in first person usually means that the
main character won't die in the plot. However, first person point of
view gives a sense of intimacy to the book.
Third person point of view can be objective or omniscient. An objective
narrator describes actions but not the inner thoughts or feelings of
the characters. An omniscient narrator can describe all the actions of
all of the characters but also all of their inner thoughts and feelings
as well.
Genre
Genre is the main category into which a book fits. Most stories meet
the criteria for multiple genres, but you should have some focus,
identifying a market before you begin writing fiction.
Narrative Voice
Narrative voice is the way the author uses language. The longer the
work the less important language becomes. Above all, the author's work
must tell a story. The author should not be more concerned with the
words used than with the tale the author is trying to tell. Don't be a
fanatic about words. The language is less important than
characterization and plotting. However, a combination of a good story
and good narrative voice will be a delight to read. Mistakes in English
amount to author intrusion and detract greatly from the book. The most
effective writing uses the active voice, and nouns and verbs so
specific that they require no modifiers. The choice of words can help
set the tone of the book.
Beginning authors often miss one critical fact about writing fiction.
It is up to the author to please the reader, not the other way
around.
About the Author
Patrick Dent, author of Execution of Justice, available at: http://www.lulu.com/EOJ. He is also the founder of Creative Writing - Fiction, the online resource to help new authors refine their writing skills. Website: http://www.creativewritingfiction.com.